![]() ![]() The results show that this method is a good way to take into account the occurring statistical and physical correlation. The fully probabilistic calculation is made with a level III probabilistic design method by applying a Monte Carlo simulation. With these simplifications a clear and thoroughly insight is gained in the probabilistic design process of a rubble mound breakwater without loosing track of the actual objective of this study. The four main failure mechanisms are: seaside and rear-side armour stability, toe stability and macro stability. Simplifications are made regarding the applied mathematical models1 and only four failure mechanisms related to the Ultimate Limit State (ULS) are examined. The project Taman is used as a case and from this project a rubble mound breakwater is selected for the fully probabilistic calculation. ![]() This research investigates how a probabilistic design of a rubble mound breakwater can be made in practice and provides some guidelines when a probabilistic design can be considered. However in practice only few rubble mound breakwaters are designed with a probabilistic design method. Multiple studies show the feasibility of designing a rubble mound breakwaters with a probabilistic design method in theory. Despite these benefits probabilistic design methods offer, it is not often applied in daily engineering practice. ![]() Information on the actual failure behaviour and probability is desired to make a more reliability design and economic optimization. This information can explain why certain structures, which are designed with a semi-probabilistic method, fail even though the design conditions are not reached or in most cases survive above the design conditions. By applying a probabilistic calculation (level II and III) insight is obtained in the relations between variables, the failure behaviour and the probability of failure of the structure. This could lead to an overly conservative design. The uncertainties in the variables and design formulae in a semi-probabilistic method are taken into account by partial safety factors. Moreover, less is known about the physical and mathematical relation between the variables and design formulas. With these methods insight in the uncertainties, and consequently the actual failure probability and behaviour of the structure, is lacking. Most of the designs for these structures use so called deterministic or semi-probabilistic design methods (level I). Ports '77, Annual Symposium of the Waterway, Port Coastal and Ocean Division of ASCE, 4th, Long Beach, California, March 9.11, 1977.Īmerican Society of Civil Engineers 345 East 47th StreetProbabilistic Design of a Rubble Mound BreakwaterĪll over the world rubble mound breakwaters are built to protect harbours, shorelines, and other vulnerable coastal areas against wave action and currents.The breakwater cross-sections discussed have a 4 on 3 seaward slope of concrete tetrapod armor units, a massive concrete cap, and prototype crest heights ranging from + 7.0 to + 9.9 meters above the wave still water line. The paper addresses two important considerations in optimizing the cross-section design of a tetrapod breakwater: the shape and weight of the concrete breakwater cap and the related stability of the harbor-side armor units under wave overtopping conditions, the simultaneous selection of the optimum combination of the design wave height, the tetrapod form size, and the concrete density. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR A TETRAPOD BREAKWATER ![]()
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